| Undergraduate: | | New York University -1972 BA |
| Medical School: | | Cornell University -1980 MD |
| Internship: | | New York Hospital 1980-1981 Straight Medicine |
| Residency: | | Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital 1982-1985 Ophthalmology |
| Fellowship: | | UCLA School of Medicine, Jules Stein Eye Institute 1981-1982 Ophthalmic Pathology |
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