| Undergraduate: | | Wesleyan University -1977 BA |
| Medical School: | | Johns Hopkins University -1981 MD |
| Internship: | | Johns Hopkins Hospital 1981-1982 Medicine |
| Residency: | | Johns Hopkins Hospital -1985 |
| Fellowship: | | Massachusetts Eye and Ears Infirmary, Harvard 1985-1986 Cornea Fellowship |
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