WEDNESDAY, Jan. 25 (HealthDay News) -- Learning to "talk things
through in their head" could help people with autism make plans and
complete complex daily tasks, researchers say.
These skills might increase the likelihood that people with
autism can live independent, flexible lives, according to the study
led by a team at Durham University in England.
The researchers compared how 15 high-functioning adults with
autism spectrum disorder and 16 adults without the disorder
completed a test that measures planning ability as well as a
short-term memory task.
Autism is characterized by repetitive behaviors and difficulty
with communication and social interactions. The researchers said
that the use or non-use of thinking in words is strongly associated
with the degree of communication problems that are rooted in early
childhood.
The researchers said that children with autism have the
mechanism for using "inner speech" but they don't always use it in
the same way as typically developing children.
Teaching children with autism how to encourage inner speech,
such as encouraging them to describe their actions out loud, may
make a difference, the researchers said. This type of approach has
previously been shown to increase mental flexibility among
typically developing children.
The study authors also suggested that children with autism could
benefit from verbal learning of their daily school schedules,
rather than using written or other visual timetables.
The study appeared online Jan. 25 in the journal
Development and Psychopathology.
"Most people will 'think in words' when trying to solve problems, which helps with planning or particularly complicated tasks," study author David Williams, a lecturer in the department of psychology at Durham University, said in a university news release. "Young, typically developing children tend to talk out loud to guide themselves when they face challenging tasks."
However, it is only from about age 7 that "they talk to
themselves in their head and, thus, think in words for
problem-solving," he added. "How good people are at this skill is
in part determined by their communication experiences as a young
child."
More information
The U.S. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
has more about
autism.