| Under Graduate: | | University of South Carolina -1976 BS |
| Medical School: | | Medical University of South Carolina -1980 MD |
| Internship: | | Boston University Medical Center 1980-1981 |
| Residency: | | Boston University Medical Center 1981-1983 |
| | | Hartford Hospital 1985-1988 |
| | | University of Rochester 1988-1990 Cardiothoracic Surgery |
| Fellowship: | | University of Florida 1983-1985 Critical Care Medicine |
| | | University of Pittsburgh 1990-1991 Cardiopulmonary Transplant |
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